智取威虎山3D的微博(网络图片)
提起〝样板戏〞，很多亲历过大陆文革十年动乱的人都会不寒而栗。而最近，被称作样板戏代表作之一的《智取威虎山》，经过现代包装，披上高科技外衣，再次被搬上了荧幕，并创下了接近7亿的票房记录，赢得了中共媒体的一致热捧。但同时也有声音指出，这部影片涉嫌歪曲史实，迎合当局。其中反派主角座山雕的形象，被指遭到歪曲。
由香港导演徐克重拍的红色题材电影《智取威虎山》，自12月24号上映以来，电影票房持续走高，目前票房已经接近7亿。很多观看电影的人表示，他们就是出于好奇，想看看这部文革时期中共用来做洗脑宣传的作品，如今被拍成了什么样。
原版的《智取威虎山》取材于曲波所着的长篇小说《林海雪原》。文革期间，《智取威虎山》经由毛泽东的妻子江青修改后，拍成〝革命样板戏〞一度〝红〞透中国，却被学者和艺术家们称作〝为政治服务的洗脑式文艺〞，文革后便消失匿迹，没想到时隔多年，又被拿出来翻拍。
电影编剧、美国北大笔会副会长何哲：〝样板戏都是为煽动阶级斗争的仇恨，典型的那种纳粹的政治——迫害人，主要是为那个服务的。〞
尽管徐克版的《林海雪原》宣传上称，不谈革命和主义、角色不脸谱化、去党化、去政治化。但在文学界人士的眼中，它的背景还是红色题材，内容仍然是换汤不换药。
中国影评人、娱评人马庆云：〝大同小异，整个大故事内容还是共党怎么打土匪，内核没有变。只是形式上会有些更花哨的东西，实质上还是一样，土匪怎么坏，共党怎么好，共党怎么把土匪消灭了，就是这么个东西。〞
电影编剧、美国北大笔会副会长何哲：〝这新拍的也没改嘛，剧情上大体还是那个思路。〞
最为引人关注的是，无论新版或老版的《智取威虎山》，都被批评为是歪曲了真正的历史。影评人马庆云发表了一篇文章，题为〝智取威虎山：烂在对历史的胡编乱造〞，向世人揭示了一个完全不同的座山雕。
文章说，在晚清、北洋、民国年间的东北〝土匪〞，实际上是一种官方之外的社会力量，他们负责制衡官方权力，好比是梁山泊的水浒好汉。但是座山雕却被中共军队作家曲波描述成一个无恶不作的土匪。
马庆云提到，实际上座山雕是和张作霖一样的枭雄人物。在张作霖坐镇东北的时候，便可以分庭抗礼。张学良九一八丢掉东北后，是座山雕坚持领导抗日运动。到日本大规模围剿东北抗日联军时，座山雕几乎战到只剩下一兵一卒，弹尽粮绝，无奈下山。日军试图以高官招降他，让他投靠溥仪政权，被他断然拒绝。
对于座山雕的结局，文章说，林彪军队拿下东北后，将座山雕生擒，以土匪罪名将他枪毙，连上军事法庭的步骤也省了。就这样，为了给中共歌功颂德，曾经的抗日英雄，东北好汉，成了曲波笔下肆意歪曲的土匪。
前《香港联合报》文艺专栏作家张成觉：〝当时东北，林彪的部下去剿匪这些都是真有其事。但是座山雕的形象被他们歪曲了。座山雕抗日方面是有功的，但是他们把他给隐瞒起来，说成只会杀人放火了。〞
与上述说法较为一致的是，中国政协主办的《纵横》杂志，曾在2006年第5期刊登的《千秋功过谢文东》一文中指出，座山雕本名谢文东，在日本占领东北期间，曾组织〝自卫团〞与日军多次作战，后被民众推荐为抗日民众救国军总司令，是东北抗日联军的重要力量。据传，当时日本人曾无奈的哀叹〝小小的东三省，大大的谢文东〞。没想到这样一位抗日英雄，在国共内战期间，因拒绝中共劝降，被俘后枪决。
前《香港联合报》文艺专栏作家张成觉指出，中共篡改了大量历史，并以文艺宣传的形式对民众进行洗脑，极具迷惑性，或是在一段时间内使很多人受骗，或者在所有的时间骗一部分人，只有还原历史真相才能避免更多的人被蒙蔽。
采访/陈汉编辑/张天宇后制/萧宇
Movie“Strategically Took Tiger Mountain”:
Zuo Shan Diao is Actually Anti-Japanese Hero?
When talking about“model theatrical works”,
those who experienced the10-year Big Cultural Revolution
still feel frightened.
Recently, the representative model movie
“Strategically Took Tiger Mountain” has been re-packed
with modern technologies and filmed again.
It has achieved0.7 billion Chinese Yuan box office record.
All the party’s state-run media highly praise the movie.
Whereas, some people point out that this movie has distorted
the historical facts and catered to the CCP’s appetite.
The image of Zuo Shan Diao, the negative character
in the movie, is said to be distorted.
Xu Ke, Hong Kong movie director, re-made the“red theme”
movie“Strategically Took Tiger Mountain”.
Box office takings have shot up since it came out on Dec24th
Out of curiosity, a lot the audience watched it to see how
the CCP’s brain-washing tool was re-filmed.
The original version of“Strategically Took Tiger Mountain”
was based on the novel“Tracks in The Snowy Forest” by Qu Bo.
During the Cultural Revolution, Jiang Qing, Mao's wife,
modified the novel and filmed it as a
“revolutionary model theatrical work”.
The movie was once“hot” all over the country, even though
scholars and artists criticized it as a piece of“brain-washing art”
to serve politics.
The movie disappeared once the Cultural Revolution was over.
Unexpectedly, after all these years, it has been re-made.
He Zhe, screenwriter and Vice President of PKU Pen Association,
said:“Model theatrical works are used to agitate hatred
among different social classes.
They served“Nazi” politics to persecute people.”
When Xu Ke’s version of the movie was being promoted,
it was declared that there is no discussion of revolution,
parties or politics in his movie.
However, in literary circles, its subject is still“red”.
The essence of the movie hasn’t been changed
during the re-make.
Ma Qingyun, Chinese film and entertainment commentator:
“Xu Ke’s version of the story is essentially the same thing
with some minor changes.
The film was just re-packed with some fancy techniques,
but the essence hasn’t changed at all.
It’s all about how bad the bandits were and how good the CCP.
How the CCP destroyed the bandits.”
He Zhe:“The theme hasn’t changed at all in the new version.”
What has drawn people’s attention is that both the new
and the old version have been criticized for distorting history.
Ma Qingyun published an article titled
“Strategically Took Tiger Mountain: the worst part of the movie
is its fabrication and distortion of history”.
In his article, he disclosed a totally different“Zuo Shan Diao”.
Ma says that the“bandits” in northeastern China were actually
a piece of unofficial social power during the late Qing Dynasty,
Beiyang and the age of the Republic of China.
They balanced government power like the heroes of Liang Mountain.
Nonetheless,“Zuo Shan Diao” was described as a“wicked” bandit
by the CCP’s military writer Qu Bo.
Ma Qingyun says that“Zuo Shan Diao” was actually a hero
like Zhang Zuolin. When Zhang Zuolin powered in
northeastern China,
he could compete with the government.
After Zhang Xueliang lost his power in northeastern in1931,
it was” Zuo Shan Diao” who insisted on fighting against
the Japanese armies.
When the Japanese annihilated northeastern
anti-Japanese armies on a large scale,
Zuo Shan Diao was left without any staff, food or weapons.
He was forced to go down the mountain.
The Japanese tempted him by offering him a high rank,
but he refused.
In his article, Ma Qingyun says that Zuo Shan Diao ended up
being captured by the CCP when Lin Biao’s armies took over
northeastern China.
Zuo Shan Diao was shot to death without military procedure,
in order to eulogize the CCP.
The anti-Japanese hero and brave man of northeastern China
was distorted as a bandit by Qu Bo.
Zhang Chengjue, former art and literature columnist
of Hongkong United Daily News, said:
”At the time, Lin Biao’s armies did destroy the bandits.
However, the image of Zuo Shan Diao was totally distorted.
Zuo Shan Diao did contribute to resisting the Japanese intrusion.
However, the CCP covered the facts and described him as a thug.”
Consistently,“The Length and the Breadth”,
the magazine held by the Political Consultative Conference,
published an article in its5th issue in2006,
titled“Xie Wendong’s Historical Merits and Faults”.
In the article, it pointed out that Zuo Shan Diao’s real name
is Xie Wendong.
When the Japanese occupied northeastern China,
Xie organized a“self-defending league”
and fought against the Japanese many times.
Later, Xie was elected General by the anti-Japanese people.
He was one of the important forces resisting the Japanese.
At the time, the Japanese commented that
“The three northeastern provinces are small,
but Xie Wendong is big.”
Unexpectedly, such an anti-Japanese hero was captured
and killed by the CCP during the Chinese civil war.
Zhang Chengjue says the CCP distorted a huge amount of history.
It also brain-washes people with art and literature propaganda.
Its tricks are very misleading
and a lot of people have been confused.
Only when historical truths are restored,
will fewer people be deceived.
Interview/Chen Han Edit/Zhang Tianyu Post-Production/Xiao Yu
